Chapter 2: Sankhya Yoga, verse 21
वेदाविनाशिनं नित्यं य एनमजमव्ययम्।
कथं स पुरुषः पार्थ कं घातयति हन्ति कम् ॥
Say itvedāvināśhinaṁ nityaṁ ya enam ajam avyayam
kathaṁ sa puruṣhaḥ pārtha kaṁ ghātayati hanti kam
Translation
Whoever knows it to be indestructible, eternal, unborn, and inexhaustible, how can that person slay, O Arjuna, or cause to be slain?
Swami Sivananda
O Partha, he who knows this One as indestructible, eternal, birthless, and undecaying—how can that person kill, or cause to be killed, whom?
Swami Gambirananda
Follows the commentary of Shankara (Advaita).
He who knows this self to be indestructible, unborn, unchanging, and thus eternal—how, O Arjuna, does he cause anyone to be killed, and whom does he kill?
Swami Adidevananda
Follows the commentary of Ramanuja (Vishishtadvaita).
Whoever realizes this to be changeless, destructionless, unborn, and immutable, how can that person be slain? How can they slay anyone else? O son of Prtha!
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan
Follows the commentary of Abhinavagupta (Kashmir Shaivism).
He who knows the Spirit to be indestructible, immortal, unborn, and always the same, how should he kill or cause to be killed?
Shri Purohit Swami
हे पृथानन्दन! जो मनुष्य इस शरीरीको अविनाशी, नित्य, जन्मरहित और अव्यय जानता है, वह कैसे किसको मारे और कैसे किसको मरवाये?
Swami Ramsukhdas
हे पार्थ ! जो पुरुष इस आत्मा को अविनाशी, नित्य और अव्ययस्वरूप जानता है, वह कैसे किसको मरवायेगा और कैसे किसको मारेगा?
Swami Tejomayananda
Classical commentariesFor deeper study. Most are in the original Sanskrit.
Advaita
Non-dual: the self and the absolute are one.
Vishishtadvaita
Qualified non-dual: souls are real parts of the divine.
Dvaita
Dual: the soul and God are eternally distinct.
Shuddhadvaita
Pure non-dual, centred on grace and devotion.
Kashmir Shaivism
The Gita read through Trika Shaiva philosophy.
Modern teachers
20th-century teachers writing for today's readers.