Chapter 18: Moksha Sanyaas Yoga, verse 22
यत्तु कृत्स्नवदेकस्मिन्कार्ये सक्तमहैतुकम्।
अतत्त्वार्थवदल्पं च तत्तामसमुदाहृतम् ॥
Say ityat tu kṛitsna-vad ekasmin kārye saktam ahaitukam
atattvārtha-vad alpaṁ cha tat tāmasam udāhṛitam
Translation
But that which clings to one single effect as if it were the whole, without reason, without any foundation in Truth, and is trivial—that is declared to be Tamasic.
Swami Sivananda
But that (knowledge) is said to be born of tamas which is confined to one form as if it were all, which is irrational, unconcerned with truth, and trivial.
Swami Gambirananda
Follows the commentary of Shankara (Advaita).
But that knowledge is declared to be Tamasika which clings to one single act as if it were the whole, which is not based on reason, and which is false and insignificant.
Swami Adidevananda
Follows the commentary of Ramanuja (Vishishtadvaita).
That [instrument-of-knowledge], because of which one, not realizing the whole, gets indulged without reason in a particular activity, and which is unconcerned with the real nature of things and is insignificant—that is declared to be of the Tamas (Strand).
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan
Follows the commentary of Abhinavagupta (Kashmir Shaivism).
But that which clings blindly to one idea as if it were all, without logic, truth, or insight, has its origin in darkness.
Shri Purohit Swami
किंतु जो (ज्ञान) एक कार्यरूप शरीरमें ही सम्पूर्णके तरह आसक्त है तथा जो युक्तिरहित, वास्तविक ज्ञानसे रहित और तुच्छ है, वह तामस कहा गया है।
Swami Ramsukhdas
और जिस ज्ञान के द्वारा मनुष्य एक कार्य (शरीर) में ही आसक्त हो जाता है, मानो वह (कार्य ही) पूर्ण वस्तु हो तथा जो (ज्ञान) हेतुरहित (अयुक्तिक), तत्त्वार्थ से रहित तथा संकुचित (अल्प) है, वह (ज्ञान) तामस है।
Swami Tejomayananda
Classical commentariesFor deeper study. Most are in the original Sanskrit.
Advaita
Non-dual: the self and the absolute are one.
Vishishtadvaita
Qualified non-dual: souls are real parts of the divine.
Dvaita
Dual: the soul and God are eternally distinct.
Shuddhadvaita
Pure non-dual, centred on grace and devotion.
Kashmir Shaivism
The Gita read through Trika Shaiva philosophy.
Modern teachers
20th-century teachers writing for today's readers.