Chapter 13: Ksetra Ksetrajna Vibhaaga Yoga, verse 23
उपद्रष्टाऽनुमन्ता च भर्ता भोक्ता महेश्वरः।
परमात्मेति चाप्युक्तो देहेऽस्मिन्पुरुषः परः ॥
Say itupadraṣhṭānumantā cha bhartā bhoktā maheśhvaraḥ
paramātmeti chāpy ukto dehe ’smin puruṣhaḥ paraḥ
Translation
The Supreme Soul in this body is also called the observer, the permitter, the sustainer, the enjoyer, the great Lord, and the Supreme Self.
Swami Sivananda
He who is the Witness, the Permitter, the Sustainer, the Experiencer, the great Lord, and who is also spoken of as the transcendental Self, is the supreme Person in this body.
Swami Gambirananda
Follows the commentary of Shankara (Advaita).
The self in the body is called the spectator, approver, supporter, experiencer, great lord, and supreme self.
Swami Adidevananda
Follows the commentary of Ramanuja (Vishishtadvaita).
The Supreme Soul in this corporeal body is called the Spectator, the Assenter, the Supporter, the Experiencer, the Mighty Lord, and also the Supreme Self.
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan
Follows the commentary of Abhinavagupta (Kashmir Shaivism).
Thus, in the body of man dwells the Supreme God; He who sees, permits, upholds, and enjoys is the Highest God and the Highest Self.
Shri Purohit Swami
यह पुरुष प्रकृति-(शरीर-) के साथ सम्बन्ध रखनेसे 'उपद्रष्टा', उसके साथ मिलकर सम्मति, अनुमति देनेसे 'अनुमन्ता', अपनेको उसका भरणपोषण करनेवाला माननेसे 'भर्ता', उसके सङ्गसे सुखदुःख भोगनेसे 'भोक्ता', और अपनेको उसका स्वामी माननेसे 'महेश्वर' बन जाता है। परन्तु स्वरूपसे यह पुरुष 'परमात्मा' कहा जाता है। यह देहमें रहता हुआ भी देहसे पर (सम्बन्ध-रहित) ही है।
Swami Ramsukhdas
परम पुरुष ही इस देह में उपद्रष्टा, अनुमन्ता ,भर्ता, भोक्ता, महेश्वर और परमात्मा कहा जाता है।
Swami Tejomayananda
Classical commentariesFor deeper study. Most are in the original Sanskrit.
Advaita
Non-dual: the self and the absolute are one.
Vishishtadvaita
Qualified non-dual: souls are real parts of the divine.
Dvaita
Dual: the soul and God are eternally distinct.
Shuddhadvaita
Pure non-dual, centred on grace and devotion.
Kashmir Shaivism
The Gita read through Trika Shaiva philosophy.
Modern teachers
20th-century teachers writing for today's readers.