Chapter 8: Akshara Brahma Yoga, verse 19
भूतग्रामः स एवायं भूत्वा भूत्वा प्रलीयते।
रात्र्यागमेऽवशः पार्थ प्रभवत्यहरागमे ॥
Say itbhūta-grāmaḥ sa evāyaṁ bhūtvā bhūtvā pralīyate
rātryāgame ’vaśhaḥ pārtha prabhavatyahar-āgame
Translation
This same multitude of beings, being born again and again, helplessly dissolves, O Arjuna, into the Unmanifested at the coming of the night and comes forth at the coming of the day.
Swami Sivananda
O son of Prtha, after being born again and again, that very multitude of beings disappears of its own accord at the approach of night. It comes to life again at the approach of day.
Swami Gambirananda
Follows the commentary of Shankara (Advaita).
O son of Prtha, after being born again and again, that very multitude of beings disappears of its own accord at the approach of night. It comes to life again at the approach of day.
Swami Adidevananda
Follows the commentary of Ramanuja (Vishishtadvaita).
Being born and reborn, the same multitude of beings is dissolved when night approaches and is born again, willy-nilly, when day approaches, O son of Prtha!
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan
Follows the commentary of Abhinavagupta (Kashmir Shaivism).
The same multitude of beings, which have lived on earth so often, all are dissolved as the night of the universe approaches, to issue forth anew when morning breaks. Thus, it is ordained.
Shri Purohit Swami
हे पार्थ ! वही यह प्राणिसमुदाय उत्पन्न हो-होकर प्रकृतिके परवश हुआ ब्रह्माके दिनके समय उत्पन्न होता है और ब्रह्माकी रात्रिके समय लीन होता है।
Swami Ramsukhdas
हे पार्थ ! वही यह भूतसमुदाय, है जो पुनः पुनः उत्पन्न होकर लीन होता है। अवश हुआ (यह भूतग्राम) रात्रि के आगमन पर लीन तथा दिन के उदय होने पर व्यक्त होता है।
Swami Tejomayananda
Classical commentariesFor deeper study. Most are in the original Sanskrit.
Advaita
Non-dual: the self and the absolute are one.
Vishishtadvaita
Qualified non-dual: souls are real parts of the divine.
Dvaita
Dual: the soul and God are eternally distinct.
Shuddhadvaita
Pure non-dual, centred on grace and devotion.
Kashmir Shaivism
The Gita read through Trika Shaiva philosophy.
Modern teachers
20th-century teachers writing for today's readers.