Chapter 18: Moksha Sanyaas Yoga, verse 35
यया स्वप्नं भयं शोकं विषादं मदमेव च।
न विमुञ्चति दुर्मेधा धृतिः सा पार्थ तामसी ॥
Say ityayā svapnaṁ bhayaṁ śhokaṁ viṣhādaṁ madam eva cha
na vimuñchati durmedhā dhṛitiḥ sā pārtha tāmasī
Translation
That firmness, O Arjuna, by which a stupid man does not abandon sleep, fear, grief, despair, and conceit, is Tamasic.
Swami Sivananda
That firmness is considered to be born of tamas, due to which a person with a corrupt intellect does not give up sleep, fear, sorrow, despondency, as well as sensuality.
Swami Gambirananda
Follows the commentary of Shankara (Advaita).
That Dhrti, by which a foolish person does not give up sleep, fear, grief, depression, and passion, O Arjuna, is of the nature of Tamas.
Swami Adidevananda
Follows the commentary of Ramanuja (Vishishtadvaita).
The contentment where a foolish man does not give up his sleep, fear, grief, despondency, and arrogance—that contentment is deemed to be of the Tamas (Strand).
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan
Follows the commentary of Abhinavagupta (Kashmir Shaivism).
And that which clings perversely to false idealism, fear, grief, despair, and vanity is the product of ignorance.
Shri Purohit Swami
हे पार्थ ! दुष्ट बुद्धिवाला मनुष्य जिस धृतिके द्वारा निद्रा, भय, चिन्ता, दुःख और घमण्डको भी नहीं छोड़ता, वह धृति तामसी है।
Swami Ramsukhdas
हो पार्थ ! दुर्बुद्धि पुरुष जिस धारणा के द्वारा, स्वप्न, भय, शोक, विषाद और मद को नहीं त्यागता है, वह धृति तामसी है।
Swami Tejomayananda
Classical commentariesFor deeper study. Most are in the original Sanskrit.
Advaita
Non-dual: the self and the absolute are one.
Vishishtadvaita
Qualified non-dual: souls are real parts of the divine.
Dvaita
Dual: the soul and God are eternally distinct.
Shuddhadvaita
Pure non-dual, centred on grace and devotion.
Kashmir Shaivism
The Gita read through Trika Shaiva philosophy.
Modern teachers
20th-century teachers writing for today's readers.