Chapter 18: Moksha Sanyaas Yoga, verse 24
यत्तु कामेप्सुना कर्म साहङ्कारेण वा पुनः।
क्रियते बहुलायासं तद्राजसमुदाहृतम् ॥
Say ityat tu kāmepsunā karma sāhankāreṇa vā punaḥ
kriyate bahulāyāsaṁ tad rājasam udāhṛitam
Translation
But that action which is done by one longing for the fulfillment of desires or gain with egotism or with much effort is declared to be Rajasic (passionate).
Swami Sivananda
But that action is said to be born of rajas which is done by one desirous of results or by one who is egotistical, and which is highly strenuous.
Swami Gambirananda
Follows the commentary of Shankara (Advaita).
But that act is said to be Rajasic, which is performed with great effort by one who seeks to gratify their desires and under the prompting of egoism.
Swami Adidevananda
Follows the commentary of Ramanuja (Vishishtadvaita).
The object which is abundant in afflictions and which is further desired by one who craves to attain the desired thing with the feeling of 'I'—that is considered to be of the Rajas (Strand).
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan
Follows the commentary of Abhinavagupta (Kashmir Shaivism).
But even though an action involves the most strenuous endeavor, yet if the doer is seeking to gratify their desires and is filled with personal vanity, it may be assumed to originate in passion.
Shri Purohit Swami
परन्तु जो कर्म भोगोंको चाहनेवाले मनुष्यके द्वारा अहंकार अथवा परिश्रमपूर्वक किया जाता है, वह राजस कहा गया है।
Swami Ramsukhdas
और जो कर्म बहुत परिश्रम से युक्त है तथा फल की कामना वाले, अहंकारयुक्त पुरुष के द्वारा किया जाता है, वह कर्म राजस कहा गया है।
Swami Tejomayananda
Classical commentariesFor deeper study. Most are in the original Sanskrit.
Advaita
Non-dual: the self and the absolute are one.
Vishishtadvaita
Qualified non-dual: souls are real parts of the divine.
Dvaita
Dual: the soul and God are eternally distinct.
Shuddhadvaita
Pure non-dual, centred on grace and devotion.
Kashmir Shaivism
The Gita read through Trika Shaiva philosophy.
Modern teachers
20th-century teachers writing for today's readers.