Chapter 15: Purushottama Yoga, verse 16
द्वाविमौ पुरुषौ लोके क्षरश्चाक्षर एव च।
क्षरः सर्वाणि भूतानि कूटस्थोऽक्षर उच्यते ॥
Say itdvāv imau puruṣhau loke kṣharaśh chākṣhara eva cha
kṣharaḥ sarvāṇi bhūtāni kūṭa-stho ’kṣhara uchyate
Translation
Two Purushas there are in this world: the perishable and the imperishable. All beings are perishable, and the Kutastha—the unchanging—is called the imperishable.
Swami Sivananda
There are two kinds of people in the world: the mutable and the immutable. The mutable consists of all things; the one existing as Maya is referred to as the immutable.
Swami Gambirananda
Follows the commentary of Shankara (Advaita).
There are two kinds of persons spoken of in the sastra: the perishable (ksara) and the imperishable (aksara). All beings are perishable, while the imperishable is called the unchanging (kutastha).
Swami Adidevananda
Follows the commentary of Ramanuja (Vishishtadvaita).
There are two people in the world: the perishable and the imperishable. The perishable is all elements, and the one that speaks is called the imperishable.
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan
Follows the commentary of Abhinavagupta (Kashmir Shaivism).
There are two aspects in Nature: the perishable and the imperishable. All life in this world belongs to the former, while the unchanging element belongs to the latter.
Shri Purohit Swami
इस संसारमें क्षर (नाशवान्) और अक्षर (अविनाशी) -- ये दो प्रकारके पुरुष हैं। सम्पूर्ण प्राणियोंके शरीर नाशवान् और कूटस्थ (जीवात्मा) अविनाशी कहा जाता है।
Swami Ramsukhdas
इस लोक में क्षर (नश्वर) और अक्षर (अनश्वर) ये दो पुरुष हैं, समस्त भूत क्षर हैं और 'कूटस्थ' अक्षर कहलाता है।
Swami Tejomayananda
Classical commentariesFor deeper study. Most are in the original Sanskrit.
Advaita
Non-dual: the self and the absolute are one.
Vishishtadvaita
Qualified non-dual: souls are real parts of the divine.
Dvaita
Dual: the soul and God are eternally distinct.
Shuddhadvaita
Pure non-dual, centred on grace and devotion.
Kashmir Shaivism
The Gita read through Trika Shaiva philosophy.
Modern teachers
20th-century teachers writing for today's readers.